Neural symphony of flow experience: Evidence for high-dimensional metastable dynamics
Abdelrahman B.M. Eldaly, Kris Zhangguang Kang, Fiona Fui‐Hoon Nah, Leanne Lai-hang Chan, Keng Leng Siau, Xiao Fan Liu, Richard Huskey, Langtao Chen, Tejaswini Yelamanchili, René Weber
Neuroimage June 11, 2026 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.122049 (opens in new tab) via OpenAlex
Summary
AI-generated from the abstractFlow, an optimal experience of deep immersion, shows the highest global functional connectivity, metastability, and dimensionality of dynamic functional connectivity patterns compared to boredom and anxiety, based on EEG recordings during a video gaming experiment. The authors propose the Global Dynamic Flow Model, characterizing flow as a high-dimensional, global metastable neural activity, offering new insights into the neural dynamics underlying this experience.
Study at a glance
| Characteristics | Within-subject experiment Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Keywords | Metastability Flow mathematics Neural activity Artificial neural network Dynamics music |
| Key finding | Flow exhibits the highest global functional connectivity, metastability, and dimensionality of dynamic functional connectivity patterns compared to boredom and anxiety. |
Abstract
Flow, an optimal experience characterized by deep immersion and engagement in an activity, has been extensively studied in behavioral research. However, its neural dynamic mechanism remains poorly understood. In a within-subject video gaming experiment, we captured neural activity underlying flow, boredom, and anxiety using a 64-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) system. Compared to boredom and anxiety, flow exhibits the highest global functional connectivity, metastability, and dimensionality of dynamic functional connectivity patterns, suggesting that flow is a highly adaptable process that is supported by high-dimensional neural dynamics. Unlike previous studies that focused on identifying static or localized brain activity, we examine the neural dynamic patterns of flow and propose the Global Dynamic Flow Model that characterizes flow as a high-dimensional, global metastable neural activity. Our study offers novel insights into the role of high-dimensionality and global metastability in brain activity associated with the flow experience.