25c-nbome: Case report and literature review

NBOMe compounds, a new group of toxic phenethylamine derivatives used recreationally, pose larger risks than other hallucinogens due to limited knowledge, low price, and internet availability. This review of clinical evidence and a case report of 25C-NBOMe use found effects including hallucinations, violent agitation, rhabdomyolysis, and kidney injury. The clinical features were similar to those of other NBOMe analogues (25I-NBOMe, 25B-NBOMe). The authors call for further quantitative studies with large samples and longer follow-up to confirm these observations.

Study at a glance

Abstract

IntroductionNovel psychoactive drugs (NPS) have rapidly increase in the last years in the drug market as a recreational use. A new group of toxic phenethylamine derivates named NBOMe of 2 C class present have emerged recently, are frequently bought using the internet and have similar effects to other hallucinogenic drugs; however, they may pose larger risks, due to the limited knowledge about them, their relatively low price and availability via the internet. The purpose of this report is to review the clinical evidence for the potential of abuse of NBOMe compounds. We propose a case report and literature review.MethodWe conducted a systematic review of the literature with the principal database (PubMed, Enbase, PsychInfo) and we present a case report.ResultsThe effects of 25C-NBOMe is characterized by hallucination, violent agitation, rhabdomyolysis and kydney injury.Discussion and conclusionEffects from 25C-NBOMe in our case report were similar to previous individual case reports in literature. The clinical features were also similar to effects from other analogues in the class (25I-NBOMe, 25B-NBOMe). In our case, violent agitation (signs of serotonergic stimulation), rhabdomyolysis and kidney injury were observed. Further research is warranted to replicate our clinical and qualitative observations and, in general, quantitative studies in large samples followed up over time are needed. Methodological limitations, clinical implications and suggestions for future research directions are considered.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.