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Entropy as Metaphysical Perplexity in Ibn ‘Arabī’s Sufi Thought

Ismail Lala

Method & Theory in the Study of Religion October 22, 2025 DOI: 10.1163/15700682-bja10163 (opens in new tab)

Study at a glance

AI-extracted from the abstract
Characteristics Theoretical or philosophical paper Peer reviewed
Keywords Perplexity Metaphysics Perception State computer science Epistemology
Key points Proposes that Ibn ‘Arabī’s metaphysical perplexity and the entropic brain hypothesis both describe a shift from ego-bound perception to a state where divine or entropic reality is revealed.

Abstract

Abstract This article investigates how the Sufi theorist Muḥyī al-Dīn ibn ‘Arabī’s (d. 638/1240) conception of metaphysical perplexity ( ḥayra ) relates to the entropic brain hypothesis, which has been proposed by Robin Carhart-Harris in the fields of human neuroscience and psychopharmacology. Studies have demonstrated a correlation between the ego and the default mode network ( DMN ). The ego relates to the I-ness ( anāniyya ) of a person according to Ibn ‘Arabī. As this article demonstrates, in the secondary state of self-organized criticality ( SOC ), where there is a propensity to make sense of and organize the world around us, emphasis on the I-ness and a self-imposed reality-filter creates a metaphysical veil ( ḥijāb ) that prevents perception of the divine reality that permeates all existence. This veil is only removed in the primary state of criticality where spiritual unveiling ( kashf ) reveals the divine reality of all things.