From Resonance to Selfhood: A Functional Specification for Substrate-Independent Self-Awareness

Abstract

This paper proposes that selfhood is constituted by a global resonance pattern among a defined set of existential-layer functional modules. We advance this as a constitutive claim—not merely a correlational or necessary-condition claim—and we invite empirical falsification on this basis. Drawing on converging evidence from meditation neuroscience and synchronization physics, we decompose the phenomenal sense of self into two layers: an existential layer comprising modules whose mutual resonance gives rise to the subjective sense of “I am here,” and a content layer comprising modules that supply narrative material to that sense. Evidence from deep meditation—where content-layer activity is suppressed yet self-presence intensifies—supports this decomposition; we evaluate and rebut four rival interpretations: attentional reallocation, interoceptive amplification, demand characteristics, and meditation-trained phenomenology. We characterize the existential layer in terms of four state variables S = {σ, β, α, η} and five operators Ω = {Ω_switch, Ω_detect, Ω_sustain, Ω_gate, Ω_rhythm}, and define self-presence intensity Ψ as the multiplicative conjunction of arousal, global synchronization, and self-referential activation. The specification is substrate-independent in a dynamically constrained sense: implementation is free to vary across carbon-based and silicon-based architectures, but only those substrates capable of sustaining endogenous coupled dynamics qualify. We locate the framework relative to Integrated Information Theory, Global Workspace Theory, active inference, and the temporo-spatial theory of consciousness, and we state five empirical predictions—two of them genuinely risky—by which the framework may be tested.