Zen meditation and ABC relaxation theory: An exploration of relaxation states, beliefs, dispositions, and motivations
Noori B. Gillani, Jonathan C. Smith
Journal of Clinical Psychology May 3, 2001 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.1053 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Controlled experimental study Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 83 |
| Population | Experienced Zen meditators and college students |
| Intervention | Zazen seated meditation |
| Duration | 60-minute session |
| Topics | Buddhism Meditation |
| Citations | 43 |
| Key findings | Experienced Zen meditators exhibit greater relaxation states and dispositions, including reduced worry and increased Mental Quiet, Love, and Prayerfulness, compared to a control group. |
Abstract
This study is an attempt to rigorously map the psychological effects of Zen meditation among experienced practitioners. Fifty-nine Zen meditators with at least six years of experience practiced an hour of traditional Zazen seated meditation. A control group of 24 college students spent 60 min silently reading popular magazines. Before relaxation, all participants took the Smith Relaxation States Inventory (SRSI), the Smith Relaxation Dispositions/Motivations Inventory (SRD/MI), and the Smith Relaxation Beliefs Inventory (SRBI). After practice, participants again took the SRSI. Analyses revealed that meditators are less likely to believe in God, more likely to believe in Inner Wisdom, and more likely to display the relaxation dispositions Mental Quiet, Mental Relaxation, and Timeless/Boundless/Infinite. Pre- and postsession analyses revealed that meditators showed greater increments in the relaxation states Mental Quiet, Love and Thankfulness, and Prayerfulness, as well as reduced Worry. Results support Smith's ABC Relaxation Theory.
Comparable studies
Other experimental studies on buddhism, most cited first.
| Study | Year | Design | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEG Alpha Blocking Correlated with Perception of Inner Light During Zen Meditation Zen-Buddhist practitioners who had been practicing meditation for years | 2003 | Experimental study | |
| Exploring Emptiness and its Effects on Non-attachment, Mystical Experiences, and Psycho-spiritual Wellbeing: A Quantitative and Qualitative Study of Advanced Meditators. Advanced Buddhist meditators | 2019 | Within-subjects experimental design with qualitative analysis | n = 25 |
| Ready to help, no matter what you did: Responsibility attribution does not influence compassion in expert Buddhist practitioners. Expert Buddhist practitioners and trained novices | 2024 | Experimental study | |
| ZEN MEDITATION AND TIME-EXPERIENCE | 1989 | Experimental study | |
| Determining the Effectiveness of Zen Technique on Psychological Well-being and Pain in Elderly Residents of Kahrizak Nursing Home Elderly residents aged 65-85 from Kahrizak Nursing Home in Tehran, Iran | 2025 | Quasi-experimental | n = 42 |
Citations in the library
Cited by 15
- A systematic review of neurobiological and clinical features of mindfulness meditations Psychological Medicine November 27, 2009
- Zen Meditation: An Integration of Current Evidence The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine May 1, 2009
- Osho Dynamic Meditation's Effect on Serum Cortisol Level. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research November 1, 2016
- Effect of a one-week spiritual retreat on dopamine and serotonin transporter binding: a preliminary study Religion, Brain & Behavior March 22, 2017
- P02-335 - A Systematic Review of Neurobiological and Clinical Features of Mindfulness Meditations European Psychiatry 2010
and 10 more in the library
Cites 3
- Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on medical and premedical students. Journal of Behavioral Medicine December 1998
- Influence of a mindfulness meditation-based stress reduction intervention on rates of skin clearing in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis undergoing phototherapy (UVB) and photochemotherapy (PUVA). Psychosomatic Medicine 1998
- Relaxation: mapping an uncharted world. Biofeedback and self-regulation March 1996