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Esketamine versus fentanyl as adjuncts to hepatic hilar nerve block for ambulatory percutaneous liver tumor ablation focusing on respiratory safety: protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Xiao Wang, Lijuan Yan, Jiaying Cai, Jianfei Wei, Zuo-Bing Zhang, Bin Yang

Frontiers in Pharmacology September 17, 2025 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1644029 (opens in new tab)

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Study at a glance

AI-extracted from the abstract
Characteristics Randomized controlled trial Peer reviewed
Intervention Fentanyl-based analgesia
Topics Ketamine Esketamine
Keywords Fentanyl Anesthesia Randomized controlled trial Ambulatory Respiratory system Ablation Surgery Percutaneous Opioid
Citations 1
Key findings The trial aims to provide Level I evidence comparing respiratory depression risk between esketamine-based and fentanyl-based analgesia during HHNB-guided liver ablation.

Abstract

This trial aims to provide Level I evidence comparing the respiratory depression risk between esketamine-based and fentanyl-based analgesia during HHNB-guided liver ablation. Should esketamine prove to be demonstrably superior in terms of respiratory safety, HHNB-esketamine has the potential to be a viable treatment option.

Comparable studies

Other randomized controlled trials on esketamine, most cited first.

Study Year Design Participants
Efficacy and Safety of Flexibly Dosed Esketamine Nasal Spray Combined With a Newly Initiated Oral Antidepressant in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Randomized Double-Blind Active-Controlled Study Adults with moderate to severe nonpsychotic depression and a history of nonresponse to... 2019 Phase 3, double-blind, active-controlled, multicenter randomized controlled trial n = 227
Efficacy of Esketamine Nasal Spray Plus Oral Antidepressant Treatment for Relapse Prevention in Patients With Treatment-Resistant Depression Adults with treatment-resistant depression who achieved stable remission or stable... 2019 Phase 3, multicenter, double-blind, randomized withdrawal study n = 297
Efficacy and Safety of Intranasal Esketamine Adjunctive to Oral Antidepressant Therapy in Treatment-Resistant Depression Adults with DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of major depressive disorder and history of inadequate... 2017 Phase 2, double-blind, doubly randomized, delayed-start, placebo-controlled study n = 67
Efficacy and Safety of Intranasal Esketamine for the Rapid Reduction of Symptoms of Depression and Suicidality in Patients at Imminent Risk for Suicide: Results of a Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study Depressed patients at imminent risk for suicide 2018 Randomized controlled trial n = 68
Efficacy and Safety of Fixed-Dose Esketamine Nasal Spray Combined With a New Oral Antidepressant in Treatment-Resistant Depression: Results of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Active-Controlled Study (TRANSFORM-1) Adults with moderate-to-severe depression and nonresponse to at least two... 2019 Randomized controlled trial n = 346

Citations in the library

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Ketamine Esketamine Depression