Simultaneous Determination of Amphetamine, Methamphetamine, Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), and Methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA) Enantiomers by GC-MS
Journal of Analytical Toxicology October 1, 1999 DOI: 10.1093/jat/23.6.518 (opens in new tab) via OpenAlex
Summary
AI-generated from the abstractA new method simultaneously measures the ratio of l- and d-enantiomers of amphetamine, methamphetamine, MDA, MDMA, and MDEA in urine. The assay uses liquid-liquid extraction, derivatization with l-TPC, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. It provides accurate results for amphetamine and methamphetamine at concentrations of 10 ng/mL or higher and for MDA, MDMA, and MDEA at 25 ng/mL or higher. In eight subjects from a controlled MDMA study, the percentage of l-MDMA was initially greater and increased over time. For the metabolite MDA, the d-enantiomer initially dominated, but the l-enantiomer proportion gradually increased, exceeding the d-enantiomer within 36 hours postdose.
Study at a glance
| Characteristics | Method development and validation with application to controlled study samples Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 8 |
| Population | Subjects of a controlled MDMA study |
| Intervention | MDMA |
| Topics | MDMA |
| Keywords | Chemistry Methamphetamine Enantiomer Metabolite |
| Citations | 70 |
| Key finding | The method accurately determines enantiomer ratios, and in controlled MDMA subjects, l-MDMA percentage increased over time while l-MDA exceeded d-MDA within 36 hours postdose. |
Abstract
A method is described for the simultaneous determination of the ratio of l- and d-enantiomers of amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), and 3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA) in urine. The assay uses liquid-liquid extraction followed by derivatization with trifluoroacetyl-l-prolyl chloride (l-TPC) and analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The assay was developed using prepared samples containing varying concentrations of each of the analytes over a range of percentages of each enantiomer. Results showed the method to provide accurate and reliable results in samples containing > or = 10 ng/mL amphetamine and methamphetamine and > or = 25 ng/mL MDA, MDMA, and MDEA. The assay was used to analyze urine samples from subjects of a controlled MDMA study. Results for each of the eight subjects showed a greater percentage of the l-enantiomer of MDMA initially, and the percentage increased with time postdose. Analysis of the metabolite MDA revealed that the proportion of d-enantiomer was initially greater than the l-enantiomer followed by a gradual increase in the proportion of l-enantiomer until it exceeded the amount of the d-enantiomer. In all cases, the l-MDA exceeded the d-MDA within the first 36 h postdose.