Ketamine and its combination with pentazocine and meperidine for epidural anaesthesia in dogs
R P Ram, L L Dass, A K Sharma
The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences September 17, 2014 DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v84i9.43512 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Randomized controlled trial Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 15 |
| Population | Clinically healthy dogs of either sex aged about 1 year |
| Interventions | Ketamine hydrochloride Pentazocine lactate Meperidine |
| Dose | ketamine @3 mg/kg b.wt; pentazocine lactate @ 0.3 mg/kg b.wt; meperidine @ 1mg/kg b.wt |
| Duration | 120 min of observation |
| Topics | Esketamine Ketamine |
| Keywords | Analgesia Epidural drug combinations Canine veterinary medicine |
| Key findings | Epidural ketamine combined with pentazocine or meperidine provided quicker onset and longer duration of analgesia than ketamine alone in dogs. |
Abstract
Clinically healthy dogs (15) of either sex aged about 1 year were randomly grouped into 3 with 5 dogs each to study the effect of epidural administration of ketamine alone and in combination with pentazocine and meperidine on clinic – anaesthetic profile in dogs. Ketamine hydrochloride @3 mg/kg b.wt and ketamine @3mg/kg b.wt in combination with pentazocine lactate @ 0.3 mg/kg b.wt and ketamine @ 3mg/kg b.wt in combination with meperidine @ 1mg/kg b.wt were administered epidurally in animals of group 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Marked alteration in rectal temperature, heart rate and respiration rate were recorded at initial intervals of observations in all the groups, however, these values returned towards normalcy by the end of 120 min of observation. Quicker onset of analgesia was recorded in group 2 (3.68±0.22 min) followed by group 3 (3.88±0.17 min) and group 1 (4.08±0.33 min). The duration of analgesia, standing time and recovery time were significantly longer in group 2 and 3 as compared to group 1. None of the groups showed significant variation in duration of recumbency. The treated animals manifested minimum, transient and occasional untoward reactions. It is concluded that pentazocine and meperidine can be given epidurally in combination with ketamine for effective analgesia in dogs.
Comparable studies
Other randomized controlled trials on ketamine, most cited first.
| Study | Year | Design | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subanesthetic Effects of the Noncompetitive NMDA Antagonist, Ketamine, in Humans Healthy human subjects recruited from the community | 1994 | Randomized controlled trial | n = 19 |
| Antidepressant Efficacy of Ketamine in Treatment-Resistant Major Depression: A Two-Site Randomized Controlled Trial Patients with treatment-resistant major depression experiencing a major depressive episode | 2013 | Randomized controlled trial | n = 73 |
| Remifentanil-induced Postoperative Hyperalgesia and Its Prevention with Small-dose Ketamine Patients undergoing major abdominal surgery | 2005 | Randomized controlled trial | n = 75 |
| Efficacy of Intravenous Ketamine for Treatment of Chronic Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Patients with chronic PTSD related to a range of trauma exposures | 2014 | Randomized controlled trial | n = 41 |
| Ketamine-Induced Deficits in Auditory and Visual Context-Dependent Processing in Healthy Volunteers Healthy volunteers | 2000 | Single-blind placebo-controlled study | n = 20 |