Effect of mindfulness-based interventions on anxiety, depression, and stress in patients with coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Hanani Abdul Manan, Imtiyaz Ali Mir, Syeda Humayra, Rong Yuen Tee, Deepak Thazhakkattu Vasu
Frontiers in Psychology 2024 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1435243 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Systematic review and meta-analysis Randomized Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Sample size | 623 |
| Population | Coronary artery disease patients |
| Intervention | Mindfulness-based interventions |
| Topics | Anxiety Depression Meditation |
| Keywords | Coronary artery disease Mindfulness-based stress reduction |
| Citations | 15 |
| Key findings | Mindfulness-based interventions significantly reduce anxiety, depression, and stress in coronary artery disease patients. |
Abstract
Adopting lifestyle interventions is pivotal in coronary artery disease (CAD) management and prevention to amplify cardiovascular and mental well-being. This study aims to quantify the effect of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on anxiety, depression and stress in CAD patients. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted by searching four electronic databases (PubMed, CENTRAL, Scopus, and Science Direct) through December 2023. The risk of bias was assessed using the PEDro tool, and the study outcomes were expressed as standard mean difference at 95% CI. Out of 1838 yielded results, eight RCTs involving 623 participants with a mean age of 56.96 ± 4.89 met the prespecified eligibility criteria. The pooled results showed a statistically significant and beneficial effect of MBIs on CAD patients' mental health status in regards to anxiety (SMD = -0.83; 95% CI [-1.19, -0.46], p < 0.001), depression (SMD = - 0.86; 95% CI [-1.14, -0.58], p < 0.001), and stress (SMD = -0.69; 95% CI [-1.27, -0.12], p = 0.02). The subgroup sensitivity analyses based on the region (Asia vs. Europe) indicated a statistically non-significant subgroup effect of MBIs on anxiety (I 2 = 63.9%, p = 0.10) and depression (I 2 = 25.8%, p = 0.25), and a significant effect on stress (I 2 = 80.0%, p = 0.03). Although the methodological quality of the trials was generally satisfactory, all studies lacked allocation concealment and blinding. Additionally, gender imbalances, and inadequate follow-up may have potentially compromised the validity of the trials. Mindfulness-based interventions are beneficial for improving CAD patients' anxiety, depression and stress symptoms. Nevertheless, it is imperative to conduct more rigorous and robust studies with an equal gender ratio and long-term follow-up.
Comparable studies
Other systematic reviews and meta-analyses on anxiety, most cited first.
Citations in the library
Cited by 2
- Mindfulness-Based Self-Management Program Using a Mobile App for Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension: Single-Arm Feasibility Study. JMIR cardio February 4, 2026
- Effects of mindfulness-based intervention combined with aerobic training on Kinesiophobia and heart rate variability after percutaneous coronary intervention: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of cardiothoracic surgery June 8, 2026
Cites 16
- A systematic review of neurobiological and clinical features of mindfulness meditations Psychological Medicine November 27, 2009
- State and Training Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Brain Networks Reflect Neuronal Mechanisms of Its Antidepressant Effect Neural Plasticity 2016
- The Effect of Mindfulness-based Programs on Cognitive Function in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Neuropsychology Review August 4, 2021
- Mindfulness-Based Interventions in Psychiatry. FOCUS: The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry January 24, 2018
- Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Physical and Psychological Wellbeing in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Brain Sciences May 29, 2021
and 11 more in the library