Urinary excretion of bufotenin (N,N-dimethyl-5-hydroxytryptamine) is increased in suspicious violent offenders: a confirmatory study.
Jorma Kärkkäinen, Martti Räisänen, M O Huttunen, E Kallio, H Naukkarinen, M Virkkunen
Psychiatry Research September 29, 1995 DOI: 10.1016/0165-1781(95)02747-k (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Observational cohort Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Population | Violent offenders |
| Citations | 17 |
| Key findings | Violent offenders with paranoid personality traits have higher urinary bufotenin levels than other violent offenders. |
Abstract
We previously reported that violent offenders with paranoid symptoms or whose violent actions had been directed against family members had higher urinary levels of bufotenin than other violent offenders. In the present study, patients were evaluated with the Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP), and urinary levels of bufotenin were determined by mass spectrometry. In drug-free patients suspiciousness was positively correlated, and socialization was negatively correlated, with urinary bufotenin excretion. These two personality variables were strongly interdependent. In drug users, bufotenin excretion was correlated positively with social desirability and negatively with irritability, but not with suspiciousness. Bufotenin excretion was not found to be associated with violence toward family members in the present study. The results are in keeping with the earlier finding that violent offenders with paranoid personality traits have higher urinary levels of bufotenin than other violent offenders.
Citations in the library
Cited by 6
- A critical review of reports of endogenous psychedelic N, N-dimethyltryptamines in humans: 1955-2010. Drug Testing and Analysis 2012
- Potentially hallucinogenic 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor ligands bufotenine and dimethyltryptamine in blood and tissues. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2005
- Development of a LC–MS/MS Method to Analyze 5-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine and Bufotenine: Application to Pharmacokinetic Study Bioanalysis March 27, 2009
- Elevated Endogenous Psychedelic Bufotenine in the Urine of Patients Diagnosed With a Mental Illness: A Systematic Review. Cureus May 20, 2025
- Ayahuasca characterization, metabolism in humans, and relevance to endogenous N,N-dimethyltryptamines June 8, 2012
and 1 more in the library