Simultaneous detection of ten psychedelic phenethylamines in urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Sarah Kerrigan, Stephanie Banuelos, Laura Perrella, Brittany Hardy
Journal of Analytical Toxicology September 1, 2011 DOI: 10.1093/anatox/35.7.459 (opens in new tab) via PubMed
Summary
AI-generated from the abstractA gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method was developed to detect ten psychedelic phenethylamines (2C-B, 2C-H, 2C-I, 2C-T-2, 2C-T-7, 4-MTA, DOB, DOET, DOI, and DOM) in urine. After solid-phase extraction, limits of detection ranged from 2 to 10 ng/mL, and limits of quantitation were 10 ng/mL or less. Precision at 50 and 500 ng/mL gave coefficients of variation of 0.4–7.9%, and accuracy was 91–116%. Calibration curves were linear up to 1500 ng/mL. No carryover occurred at 5000 ng/mL, and no interferences from related compounds or endogenous bases were observed.
Study at a glance
| Characteristics | Method development and validation Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Keywords | Psychedelic drugs Drug testing Forensic toxicology Gc-ms |
| Citations | 19 |
| Key finding | A gas chromatography–mass spectrometry procedure using mixed-mode solid-phase extraction reliably detected ten psychedelic amphetamines in urine with limits of detection of 2–10 ng/mL and good precision and accuracy. |
Abstract
Psychedelic phenethylamines are an emerging class of designer drugs capable of producing a complex array of sought after adrenergic and hallucinogenic effects. Toxicological detection poses a number of challenges to laboratories. The purpose of this study was to develop a procedure for the detection of psychedelic amphetamines using techniques that are widely accepted in forensic toxicology laboratories. In all, 10 target analytes were selected: 2,5-dimethoxy-4-bromophenethylamine (2C-B), 2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-H), 2,5-dimethoxy-4iodophenethylamine (2C-I), 2,5-dimethoxy-4ethylthiophenethylamine (2C-T-2), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-(n)propylthiophenethylamine (2C-T-7), 4-methylthioamphetamine (4-MTA), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-bromoamphetamine (DOB), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine (DOET), 2,5-dimethoxy4-iodoamphetamine (DOI), and 2,5-dimethoxy-4methylamphetamine (DOM). Target drugs in urine were analyzed by gas chromatography in selected ion monitoring mode after mixed-mode solid-phase extraction. Limits of detection for all analytes were 2-10 ng/mL, and limits of quantitation were 10 ng/mL or less. Precision evaluated at 50 and 500 ng/mL yielded CVs of 0.4-7.9% and accuracy in the range 91-116%. Calibration curves were linear to 1500 ng/mL using mescaline-d₉ as the internal standard. No carryover was evident at 5000 ng/mL (the highest concentration tested) and no interferences were observed from the presence of other structurally related compounds or endogenous bases.