Biotransformation and detectability of the designer drug 2,5-dimethoxy-4-propylphenethylamine (2C-P) studied in urine by GC-MS, LC-MS(n), and LC-high-resolution-MS(n).
Carina S. D. Wink, Markus R Meyer, Tina Braun, Alain Turcant, Hans H Maurer
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 2015 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8083-2 (opens in new tab)
Study at a glance
AI-extracted from the abstract| Characteristics | Experimental study Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Intervention | 2C-P |
| Dose | a common user's dose |
| Keywords | Drug metabolism Metabolic fingerprints Metabolic pathways Drug detection Detectability Reliably detectable Standard screening methods Urine Forensic toxicology Clinical investigations Forensic investigations Novel designer drugs Hallucinogenic drug 2c-p |
| Citations | 13 |
| Key findings | 2C-P and its metabolites are reliably detectable in urine via standard GC-MS and LC-MS(n) screening methods after a common user's dose. |
Abstract
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-propylphenethylamine (2C-P) is a hallucinogenic designer drug of the phenethylamine class, the so-called 2Cs, named according to the ethyl spacer between the nitrogen and the aromatic ring. The aims of the present work were to identify the phases I and II metabolites of 2C-P. In addition, the detectability of 2C-P and its metabolites in urine as proof of an intake in clinical or forensic cases was tested. According to the identified metabolites, the following pathways were proposed: N-acetylation; deamination followed by reduction to the corresponding alcohol and oxidation to carbonic acid; mono- and bis-hydroxylation at different positions; mono- and bis-O-demethylation, followed by glucuronidation, sulfation, or both; and combination of these steps. Proof of an intake of a common user's dose of 2C-P was possible by both standard urine screening approaches, the GC-MS as well as the LC-MS(n) approach.