This study examines the mystical elements in pre-Islamic Arab society and their role as formative influences on the development of Islamic Sufism. While much of European Orientalist scholarship of the 19th and 20th centuries often viewed Sufism as a foreign or externally introduced phenomenon, more recent research emphasizes its intrinsic connection to Islam, the importance of considering...
The problem of consciousness is regarded as one of the riddles that have long haunted human thought, a persistent enigma which all branches of science and philosophy have strived, each in their own way, to grasp its essence and unveil its inner nature; nevertheless, what has been grasped so far are only scattered fragments, mere shards of this intricate puzzle. Likewise, our philosopher “John...
The concept of the unity of existence finds resonance in both Islamic philosophy, particularly in the Transcendental philosophy of Molla Sadra, and the Advaita Vedanta school of Indian philosophy, notably championed by the mystic philosopher Sankara. Molla Sadra's philosophical framework is rooted in the intertwining principles of Multiplicity within Unity and Unity within Multiplicity,...