Mark L Ruffalo

Psychosis in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Neglected Clinical Phenomenon.

The Psychoanalytic Review March 1, 2026 Mark L Ruffalo, Alex M Ray, Abigail Rasol et al.

Psychotic symptoms are a prevalent yet underrecognized feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD), with studies estimating their occurrence in up to 60% of patients. Despite their clinical and theoretical relevance, these phenomena are marginalized in contemporary diagnostic frameworks, which emphasize affective instability and interpersonal dysfunction while minimizing impairments in...