Pharmacological ResearchJuly 31, 2025C. Pisanu, R. Carvalho Silva, Mattia Meattini et al.6 citations
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a challenge in psychiatry, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies beyond traditional monoaminergic antidepressants. Ketamine and its S-enantiomer esketamine have demonstrated rapid and robust antidepressant effects in TRD, probably through mechanisms involving glutamatergic modulation, neuroplasticity, and anti-inflammatory properties. However,...