Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Psychiatry Perspective on Pathophysiological Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Novel Therapeutic Frontiers
INNOVAPATH June 22, 2026 Muhammad Bilal Akram, Ali Sher, Areena Fatima et al.
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) represents a major clinical and public health challenge, affecting a substantial proportion of patients with major depressive disorder who fail to achieve remission despite adequate pharmacotherapy. Emerging evidence suggests that TRD is a heterogeneous condition driven by complex interactions among neurobiological, inflammatory, and psychosocial factors....