ED95 of Ciprofol Combined with Esketamine or Sufentanil in Elderly Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Dose-Finding and Randomized Controlled Trial
Drug Design Development and Therapy February 1, 2026 Xiaoxue Qin, Hui Jiang, Yan Xie et al. 1 citation
Background: This study aimed to estimate the 95% effective dose (ED95) of ciprofol when combined with esketamine or sufentanil in elderly patients undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), and to explore the associated clinical and safety profiles of these sedation strategies. Methods: This study was conducted in two phases. In Phase 1, 44 patients aged 65– 80 years undergoing ESD were...