The spatial epidemiology of cocaine, methamphetamine and 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) use: a demonstration using a population measure of community drug load derived from municipal wastewater
Addiction July 14, 2009 Caleb J. Banta‐green, Jennifer A. Field, Aurea C. Chiaia‐hernández et al. 161 citations
ABSTRACT Aims To determine the utility of community‐wide drug testing with wastewater samples as a population measure of community drug use and to test the hypothesis that the association with urbanicity would vary for three different stimulant drugs of abuse. Design and participants Single‐day samples were obtained from a convenience sample of 96 municipalities representing 65% of the...