Esketamine alleviates COPD-depression comorbidity in rats via MAPK/NF-κB inhibition and gut-lung-brain axis modulation.
Journal of Neuroinflammation January 22, 2026 Ang Liu, Xiao-Qi Zhang, Jia-Xin Guo et al.
BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and depression frequently co-occur, yet the biological basis of this comorbidity and effective therapeutic strategies remain poorly defined. METHODS: We established a rat model of COPD-depression comorbidity through sequential cigarette-smoke exposure and chronic unpredictable mild stress. Pulmonary function, depression-like behaviors,...
DOI: 10.1186/s12974-026-03699-1 (opens in new tab)
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Depression
Esketamine
Animals
Rats, sprague-dawley
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