Symbolic Efficacy in the Psychiatric Ward: A Clinical Ethnography of Cetik-Attributed Psychosis and Hospital-Facilitated Ritual Integration in Bali
Enigma in Cultural December 2, 2025 Ni Wayan Saka Rahayu, Ni Made Citra Riesti Wulan, Nyoman Ari Yoga Wirawan et al.
In Bali, acute psychosis is frequently interpreted through the Niskala or unseen cosmology, specifically attributed to Cetik or magical poisoning and Guna-guna or sorcery. This explanatory model often clashes with biomedical paradigms, leading to poor therapeutic alliance and treatment refusal. This study aims to evaluate the pathoplastic efficacy and symbolic healing mechanisms of an...