The effects of mindfulness practices on speaking anxiety and performance among introvert vs. extrovert EFL learners
Revista Mexicana de Investigación e Intervención Educativa August 29, 2025 Seyyed Nasser Mousavi, Hojjat Ravan Nakhjavan 1 citation
This study examined the effects of mindfulness practices on speaking performance and speaking anxiety among introverted and extroverted English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. A non-equivalent quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design was used with 60 intermediate male EFL learners aged 17–23 from a private language institute in Ardabil, Iran. Participants were divided into four groups:...