Beneficial effects of (R)-ketamine, but not its metabolite (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine, in the depression-like phenotype, inflammatory bone markers, and bone mineral density in a chronic social defeat stress model.
Behavioural Brain Research August 1, 2019 Zhongwei Xiong, Yuko Fujita, Kai Zhang et al.
(R)-ketamine, but not its final metabolite (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine (HNK), produced rapid and sustained antidepressant effects in mice susceptible to chronic social defeat stress. It also improved elevated plasma levels of the inflammatory bone marker RANKL, restored the reduced OPG/RANKL ratio, and attenuated decreased bone mineral density in these mice. These findings suggest (R)-ketamine may have beneficial effects on both depression-like behavior and bone abnormalities in susceptible mice, indicating it could be a potential therapeutic drug for bone metabolism problems in depressed patients.