”Learning Beyond-Self Dimension of Transpersonal Psychology and Its Implementation”: A Literature Review
Jurnal Penelitian Inovatif January 28, 2025 Made Pranajapa, I. G. A. D. Fridari
Transpersonal psychology remains relatively unfamiliar in Indonesia, with few published studies on the topic. Emerging as a fourth force in psychology after behaviorism, psychoanalysis, and humanistic psychology, transpersonal psychology incorporates spirituality into understanding human experience. A key challenge is demonstrating its scientific credibility through empirical evidence. This literature review of 10 relevant journal articles identifies several adequate approaches for studying transpersonal psychology empirically and phenomenologically: pseudoscience, scientific naturalism, integrated psychology, transformative psychology, and MR-TPT from transpersonal psychology. These approaches yield positive effects such as increased environmental awareness and personal development. Further research is needed to refine these approaches in the future.