An integral approach to substance abuse.
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs December 1, 2005 Diana S Amodia, Carol Cano, Michele J Eliason
An integral approach to substance abuse expands the biopsychosocial model by incorporating biological, social, cultural, spiritual, and developmental dimensions. The framework adapts Ken Wilber's four-quadrant perspective and draws on integrative medicine and transpersonal psychology to address addiction's complexity. It offers a cross-cultural view of spirituality as a component of etiology and treatment, aiming for more comprehensive care. The article presents this theoretical model and explores its implications for the field.