意识相变的临界转换:基于信息容量框的T-A双向临界框架 Critical Transitions in Consciousness: A T–A Bidirectional Criticality Framework Based on the Information Capacity Frame

Abstract

近期证据表明丘脑板内核以θ相位驱动丘脑-前额叶环路门控意识,但θ频率的必然性与门控失效的“全或无”特征尚缺乏第一性原理解释。本文从资源有限、非平衡态维持倾向与离散输入三条公理出发,建立信息容量框约束下的双组态架构,严格推导出时序跨度T与重构活跃度A的双向临界可行域。研究表明,自指闭环所需的最小时序窗口T_min在逻辑上由三段式归因的最小构造决定;在碳基神经系统中,其数值收敛于θ周期量级,由此从物理边界层面解释了θ节律在意识门控中的刚性约束,并将意识感知重新定义为跨时刻时序整合的临界转换。该框架为意识涌现提供了基于约束收敛的动力学解释,并导出可经实验检验的临界转换定量判据。 Recent intracranial evidence demonstrates that thalamic intralaminar nuclei gate conscious perception via θ-phase-driven thalamofrontal loops; yet the necessity of θ-frequency dominance and the all-or-none discontinuity of gating failure remain unexplained at the first-principles level. Starting from three axioms—finite resources, non-equilibrium maintenance tendency, and discrete input—we derive a dual-configuration architecture under the Information Capacity Frame (ICF), and rigorously deduce a bidirectional critical feasible domain for temporal span (T) and reconstruction activity (A). We show that the minimal temporal window T_min required for self-referential closure is logically determined by the minimal construction of tri-segment attribution; in carbon-based nervous systems, this value converges to the θ-cycle timescale. This explains, from physical boundary conditions, the rigid constraint of θ-rhythms on conscious gating, and redefines conscious perception as a critical transition of cross-moment temporal integration. The framework provides a constraint-convergence-based dynamical explanation for consciousness emergence and yields falsifiable quantitative criteria for critical transitions.